Every brewable potion in Minecraft Java Edition 1.21 with its ingredient, effect and duration. Search or filter the table, then see the brewing chart for the step-by-step process.
Base potions
| Base potion | How to brew | Used for |
|---|
| Awkward Potion | Water Bottle + Nether Wart | The base for almost every useful potion |
| Mundane Potion | Water Bottle + Redstone (or most other ingredients without Nether Wart) | No use in brewing; it has no effect |
| Thick Potion | Water Bottle + Glowstone Dust | No use in brewing; it has no effect |
Potion modifiers
| Ingredient | What it does |
|---|
| Redstone Dust | Extends the duration |
| Glowstone Dust | Raises the effect to level II (shorter duration) |
| Fermented Spider Eye | Corrupts a potion into its opposite: Swiftness/Leaping → Slowness, Healing/Poison → Harming, Night Vision → Invisibility |
| Gunpowder | Turns any potion into a Splash Potion you can throw |
| Dragon's Breath | Turns a Splash Potion into a Lingering Potion that leaves an effect cloud |
Splash, lingering and tipped arrows
In Java Edition a Splash Potion keeps the full duration for anyone hit directly. A Lingering Potion's cloud gives one quarter of the normal duration, and Tipped Arrows, crafted from eight arrows around one Lingering Potion, give one eighth.
Most useful potions
- Fire Resistance (8:00) for exploring the Nether and fighting near lava.
- Swiftness II and Strength II for boss fights and PvP.
- Slow Falling for the End islands, Elytra practice and building high up.
- Water Breathing and Night Vision for ocean monuments and underwater builds.
- Weakness plus a Golden Apple to cure a zombie villager and get discounted trades.